Peregrine Falcon on clifftop. Photo © Frank Pianka

Annual Reports

2020 Annual Report

Peregrine Falcon
Photo (c) Brian Ratcliff

Since 1996, Project Peregrine has been monitoring the Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) within the Ontario portion of the Lake Superior Basin, and in northwestern Ontario. With support from Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (OMNRF) staff at District Offices at Thunder Bay, Nipigon, Wawa, Sault Ste. Marie, and Fort Frances, Ontario Parks, and assistance from staff at Pukaskwa National Park, and Lake Superior National Marine Conservation Area, more than 125 peregrine falcon territories have now been identified. This year, staff at Pukakswa National Park added one new site to database.

This was an interesting year with travel restrictions in place for most government workers. Even with these restrictions some staff at OMNRF, Pukaskwa National Park, plus volunteers were still able to get out and check territories for occupancy. This report is a summary of the data that was provided to me during 2020.

In 2020, there were 38 active peregrine falcon territories recorded. The 38 territories represented 27 territorial pairs and 11 single adults on territory. The 27 territorial pairs consisted of 16 breeding pairs, of which there were 11 successful pairs that were known to have fledged 27 chicks (chicks over 24 days old), 5 pairs that had young but not confirmed to have fledged, and 11 pairs where nesting was not confirmed. There were also 11 sites where only one adult was observed on territory. Twelve previously occupied peregrine sites were also surveyed with no activity noted.

Project Peregrine started in 1989 with the first hacking of young peregrines at Sturgeon Bay. Over the past thirty plus years, the success of the Project is due to the countless hours that many volunteers, plus Pukaskwa National Park, Ontario Parks, and OMNRF staff have invested into the Project. Everyone’s efforts are greatly appreciated. It is encouraging to know that all our efforts have assisted in bringing back this iconic species as a breeding species within the Lake Superior Basin and northwestern Ontario.

2019 Annual Report

Peregrine Falcon
Photo (c) Brian Ratcliff

Since 1996, Project Peregrine has been monitoring Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) within the Ontario portion of the Lake Superior Basin, and in northwestern Ontario. With support from Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (OMNRF) staff at District Offices at Thunder Bay, Nipigon, Wawa, Sault Ste. Marie, and Fort Frances, Ontario Parks, and assistance from staff at Pukaskwa National Park, and Lake Superior National Marine Conservation Area, more than 125 peregrine falcon territories have now been identified. This year, one new site was added to database.

At the end of the 2018 field season in consultation with my dedicated climbers, we decided that the banding aspect of Project Peregrine would come to an end. After 23 years of banding, which included accessing 228 nest sites, and banding 612 chicks (and one second year bird), it was time to hang up our banding gear. To the banding team climbers: Frank Pianka, Rod Swatton, Leo Tardiff, Robert Dye, and Terry Prodanyk, and many other assistants, the success of this project is based on your dedication and continued support over the past 23 years. Thank you again for your expertise and friendship.

When June 2019 came around, it felt strange not getting out and banding chicks. Since there was an excellent network of OMNRF, and Pukaskwa National Park staff, plus other volunteers still checking nest sites for occupancy, I decided that Project Peregrine would still continue to collect and record this data. This report is a summary of the data that was provided to me during 2019.

In 2019, there were 38 active peregrine falcon territories recorded. The 38 territories represented 25 territorial pairs and 13 single adults on territory. The 25 territorial pairs consisted of 12 successfully breeding pairs that were known to have fledged 19 chicks (chicks over 24 days old), 3 pairs that had young but not confirmed to have fledged, 10 pairs where nesting was not confirmed, and 13 sites with only a single adult observed. Ten other previously occupied peregrine sites were also surveyed with no activity noted.

Project Peregrine started in 1989 with the first hacking of young peregrines at Sturgeon Bay. Over the past thirty years the success of the Project is due to the countless hours that many volunteers, plus Pukaskwa National Park, Ontario Parks, and OMNRF staff have invested into the Project. Everyone’s efforts are greatly appreciated. It is encouraging to know that all our efforts have assisted in bringing back this iconic species as a breeding species within the Lake Superior Basin and northwestern Ontario.

2018 Annual Report

Peregrine Falcon
Photo (c) Brian Ratcliff

Since 1996, Project Peregrine has been monitoring Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) within the Ontario portion of the Lake Superior Basin, and in northwestern Ontario. With support from Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (OMNRF) staff at District Offices at Thunder Bay, Nipigon, Wawa, Sault Ste. Marie, and Fort Frances, Ontario Parks, and assistance from staff at Pukaskwa National Park, more than 120 peregrine falcon territories have now been identified. This year, three new sites have been added to the database.   

In 2018, Project Peregrine received funding from Environment Canada that enabled us to charter a helicopter for four hours of flying (June 9) to check peregrine nesting sites in Nipigon and Thunder Bay Districts. OMNRF Thunder Bay District also provided 5.7 hours (June 18) of helicopter time to survey peregrine sites within Thunder Bay District. A total of 59 cliff sites, both potential and previously occupied sites were checked from the helicopter. Data for this report was also collected by staff at Pukaskwa National Park, Lake Superior Provincial Park, and OMNRF District Offices. The general public, and private landowners also provided valuable information. 

In 2018, there were 52 active peregrine falcon territories recorded. The 52 territories represented 46 territorial pairs and 6 single adults on territory. The 46 territorial pairs consisted of 8 successfully breeding pairs that were known to have fledged 10 chicks (chicks over 24 days old), 30 pairs where nesting was confirmed, and 8 pairs where nesting was not confirmed. The low number of chicks produced and fledged was due to a later start date for breeding, and that many of the nest sites were only visited once due to time restrictions of the volunteers. Thirty-two other previously occupied peregrine sites were also surveyed with no activity observed.   

The banding team started banding on June 25, and ended on July 2 and banded at 5 sites. A total of 13 chicks (5 males and 8 females) were banded. Project Peregrine has now banded 613 chicks (all at cliff sites) since 1996. Joining the banding team this year was Dr. Kim Fernie, and Jeff Costa from Environment and Climate Change Canada. This is the sixth year that Dr. Fernie has been sampling blood to identify potential contaminant concentrations, and get a better understanding of the health of peregrine falcons in Ontario. We also collected fecal material (both dry and wet) from the banding sites. These samples were sent to Dr. Craig Hebert also with Environment and Climate Change Canada who will be extracting DNA from the samples to identify prey species.

The success of Project Peregrine can be attributed to the many hours that volunteers, Pukaskwa National Park, Ontario Parks, and OMNRF staff invest in surveying cliff sites. All their efforts are greatly appreciated. To the banding team climbers: Frank Pianka, and Rod Swatton, the success of this project is based on your dedication and continued support over the past 23 years. Thank you again for your expertise and friendship.

2017 Annual Report

Since 1996, Project Peregrine has been undertaking the monitoring of Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) within
the Ontario portion of the Lake Superior Basin, and in northwestern Ontario. With support from Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (OMNRF) staff at District Offices at Thunder Bay, Nipigon, Wawa, Sault Ste. Marie, Fort Frances, Ontario Parks, and assistance from staff at Pukaskwa National Park, more than 120 peregrine falcon territories have now been identified. This year, three new sites have been added to database. 

We have been fortunate to have observed and document a steady increase in the number of territories over the years. In the early years there were only a handful of territories and now it is challenging to survey all the sites. In 2017, Project Peregrine received funding from Environment Canada that enabled us to charter a helicopter for 6 hours of flying to check peregrine nesting sites in Nipigon and Thunder Bay Districts. On June 12, twenty-four previously known territories were surveyed. Data for this report was also collected by staff at Pukaskwa National Park, Lake Superior Provincial Park, and OMNRF District Offices. The general public, and private landowners also provided valuable in- formation. 

In 2017, there were 50 active peregrine falcon territories recorded. The 50 territories represented 34 territorial pairs and 16 single adults on territory. The 34 territorial pairs consisted of 12 successfully breeding pairs that fledged 18 chicks (chicks over 24 days old), 11 pairs where nesting was confirmed, and 11 pairs where nesting was not confirmed. The low number of chicks produced and fledged was probably due to a severe ice storm on April 27. A thick coating of ice and ice pellets (10 cm) was laid down when these birds were already incubating eggs. 

The banding team started banding on June 7, and ended on June 28, visiting 7 sites. A total of 11 chicks (5 males and 6 females) were banded. This was the second lowest number of chicks banded (2012-10 chicks banded) since we started banding in 1996. Project Peregrine has now banded 600 chicks (all at cliff sites) since 1996. Joining the banding team this year was Dr. Kim Fernie, and Jeff Costa from Environment and Climate Change Canada. This is the fifth year that Dr. Fernie has been sampling blood to identify potential contaminant concentrations, and health of peregrine falcons in Ontario.

The success of Project Peregrine can be attributed to the many hours that volunteers, Pukaskwa National
Park, Ontario Parks, and OMNRF staff invest in surveying cliff sites. All their efforts are greatly appreciated. To the banding team climbers: Frank Pianka, and Rod Swatton, the success of this project is based on your dedication and con- tinued support over the past 22 years. Thank you again for your expertise and friendship.

2016 Annual Report 

Since 1996, Project Peregrine has been undertaking the monitoring of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) within the Ontario portion of the Lake Superior Basin, and in northwestern Ontario. With support from Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (OMNRF) staff at District Offices at Thunder Bay, Nipigon, Wawa, Sault Ste. Marie, and Atikokan, Ontario Parks, and assistance from staff at Pukaskwa National Park, more than 100 peregrine falcon territories have now been identified. Four new sites were identified in 2016.

With many peregrine falcon territories now identified, it is now challenging to survey all known sites and potential cliff sites. This year, Project Peregrine was fortunate that the OMNRF, Lakehead District provided a helicopter for 6 hours of flying to check peregrine falcon territories around Thunder Bay. On June 9, thirty-seven previously known territories were surveyed. Data were also collected by staff at Pukaskwa National Park, Lake Superior Provincial Park, and OMNRF District Offices. The general public, and private landowners also provided valuable information.

The first reported peregrine back on territory was at Oliver Creek Road on March 10. This is the earliest return date (for the Thunder Bay area) documented by Project Peregrine. In 2016, there were 56 active peregrine falcon territories recorded. The 56 territories represented 44 territorial pairs and 12 single adults on territory. The 44 territorial pairs consisted of 16 successfully breeding pairs that fledged 31 chicks (chicks over 24 days old), 16 pairs where nesting was confirmed, and 12 pairs where nesting was not confirmed.

The banding team started banding on June 22, and ended on July 9, visiting 7 sites. A total of 17 chicks (9 males and 8 females) were banded. Project Peregrine has now banded 589 chicks (all at cliff sites) since 1996. Joining the banding team this year was Dr. Kim Fernie, and Dr. Melanie Guigueno from Environment and Climate Change Canada. This is the fourth year that Dr. Fernie has been sampling blood to identify potential contaminant concentrations, and health of peregrine falcons. Project Peregrine in partnership with the Alpine Club of Canada-Thunder Bay Chapter received a generous donation of climbing equipment (approximately $6,000.00) from the Petzl Foundation.

The success of Project Peregrine can be attributed to the many hours that volunteers, Pukaskwa National Park, OntarioParks, and OMNRF staff invest in surveying cliff sites. All their efforts are greatly appreciated. To the banding team climbers: Frank Pianka, and Rod Swatton, the success of this project is based on your dedication and continued support over the past 21 years. Thank you again for your expertise and friendship.    

2015 Annual Report

Since 1996, Project Peregrine has been undertaking the monitoring of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) within the Ontario portion of the Lake Superior Basin, and in northwestern Ontario. With support from Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry staff at District Offices at Thunder Bay, Nipigon, Wawa, Sault Ste. Marie, and Atikokan, and assistance from staff at Pukaskwa National Park, more than 100 peregrine falcon territories have now been identified. Two new sites, and one site split into two were added in 2015.

There were hopes that funding would be provided by the Province for the 5-year National Peregrine Falcon Survey, which was conducted in 2015, but unfortunately there was no funding. Project Peregrine was fortunate that The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (OMNRF) Lakehead District made available some funds for a helicopter flight to check values in the District. Thirty-three peregrine falcon territories that had been occupied in previous years were checked during this day of flying. Staff at Pukaskwa National Park, Lake Superior Provincial Park, and OMNRF District Offices were able to check many sites.

Peregrines were first reported back on territory on March 24 at Squaw Bay. Reports from across the Lake Superior Basin and west to Atikokan identified 42 active peregrine falcon territories in 2015. The 42 territories represented 32 territorial pairs, and 10 occupied territories. Of the 32 territorial pairs, 14 pairs were confirmed to have fledged 30 chicks (chick over 24 days), 9 pairs were identified as nesting pairs, and breeding success was not confirmed for 9 pairs.

Peregrine chicks were banded at ten nest sites, and a total of 25 chicks (15 males, 10 females) were banded. Banding was initiated on June 15, and ended on July 7. Only two of the twenty -five banded chicks had blow fly (Calliphoridae spp.) maggot infestation in their ears. Project Peregrine has now banded 572 chicks (all at cliff sites) since 1996.

The success of Project Peregrine can be attributed to the many hours that volunteers, Pukaskwa National Park, and OMNR staff invest in surveying cliff sites. All their efforts are greatly appreciated. To the banding team climbers: Frank Pianka, Rod Swatton, Monica Prodanyk, and Terry Prodanyk, a special thank you for your expertise and many hours of donated time. Your continued interest in this project is also greatly appreciated.

2014 Annual Report

Since 1996, Project Peregrine has been undertaking the monitoring of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) within the Ontario portion of the Lake Superior Basin, and in northwestern Ontario. With support from Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry staff at District Offices at Thunder Bay, Nipigon, Wawa, Sault Ste. Marie, and Atikokan, and assistance from staff at Pukaskwa National Park, more than 100 peregrine falcon territories have now been identified. Two new sites were added in 2014.

In 2014, winter conditions persisted well into spring (just like in 2013) with many inland lakes not becoming ice free until early June. Peregrines were being observed back on territories by early April, but based on the age of the chicks that were banded nesting did not take place until the first part of May. Chicks were once again like in 2013, approximately 2 weeks later than normal. This was the first year that a helicopter survey was not undertaken, and therefore many on the known territories were not surveyed. Nest sites that were surveyed were ones that could be accessed easily by vehicle, foot, or by boat.

There were 32 active peregrine falcon territories confirmed in 2014. The 32 territories represented 24 territorial pairs and 8 occupied territories. Of the 24 territorial pairs, 10 pairs were confirmed to have fledged 15 chicks (chick over 24 days), 4 pairs were identified as nesting pairs, and breeding success was not confirmed for 10 pairs.

Peregrine chicks were banded at six nest sites, and a total of 16 chicks (10 males, 6 females) were banded. Banding was initiated on June 28, approximately 2 weeks later than usual, and ended on July 2. Only two of the sixteen banded chicks had blow fly (Calliphoridae spp.) maggot infestation in their ears. Project Peregrine has now banded 547 chicks (all at cliff sites) since 1996.

The success of Project Peregrine can be attributed to the many hours that volunteers, Pukaskwa National Park, and OMNR staff invest in surveying cliff sites. All their efforts are greatly appreciated. To the banding team climbers: Frank Pianka, Rod Swatton, and Terry Prodanyk, a special thank you for your expertise and many hours of donated time. Your continued interest in this project is also greatly appreciated.

2013 Annual Report

Project Peregrine has been intensively monitoring the breeding population of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) within the Ontario side of the Lake Superior Basin, and northwestern Ontario since 1996.

Winter conditions extended well into spring and the last major snowstorm occurred at the end of the first week of May. Cool conditions continued all spring, and that appeared to have a significant impact on the timing of breeding peregrines. The development of chicks was at least two weeks behind the average for the past 5 years. Project Peregrine was successful in receiving funding from the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) Species at Risk Stewardship Fund and these funds went to helicopter time to survey nest sites on June 15. OMNR Thunder Bay District also provided funding for helicopter time to survey local peregrine territories on June 14. A total of 46 peregrine territories were check during the helicopter surveys.

There were 54 active peregrine falcon territories confirmed in 2013. The 54 territories represented 43 territorial pairs and 11 occupied territories. Of the 43 territorial pairs, 12 pairs were confirmed to have fledged 22 chicks (chick over 24 days), 23 pairs were identified as nesting pairs, and breeding success was not confirmed on 8 pairs. Breeding success and the number of fledged young would have been higher but many of the nest sites were not checked later in the summer. There were 18 previously occupied peregrine territories checked in 2013, but had no peregrine activity recorded. Twenty three previously occupied peregrine territories were not checked in 2013. Since 1996, Project Peregrine has identified and monitored a total of 104 peregrine falcon territories within the Ontario watershed of the Lake Superior Basin, plus one territory at the south end of Long Lake, and at Atikokan.

Nine nest sites were banded at with 20 chicks (12 males, 8 females) banded. Banding started very late on June 30, and ended on July 8. Eight of the 20 chicks had blow fly (Calliphoridae spp.) maggot infestation in their ears. Project Peregrine has now banded 531 chicks (all at cliff sites) since 1996.

Project Peregrine is indebted to the many volunteers, Pukaskwa National Park, and OMNR staff who took time to survey known cliff sites, and new cliff sites for peregrine activity in 2013. Their time and efforts are greatly appreciated. To the banding team climbers: Frank Pianka, Rod Swatton, and Terry Prodanyk who make up the banding team, a special thank you for your expertise and 144 hours of donated time. Your continued interest in this project is also greatly appreciated.

Funding received by Project Peregrine to continue the monitoring and banding of peregrine falcons was provided by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Species at Risk Stewardship Fund.

2012 Annual Report

Project Peregrine has been intensively monitoring the breeding population of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) within the Ontario side of the Lake Superior Basin, and northwestern Ontario since 1996.

This field season started out the same as in past years but due to some unexpected funding delays and intense precipitation, the 2012 monitoring produced some of the poorest results. Peregrines returned to the cliff sites approximately the same time as in the past (mid-late March) and many pairs were established by early April. On May 28, the Thunder Bay area experienced an intense weather system, and more than 100 mm of rain fell in just a few hours. Many peregrine territories that were active in April had no sign of adults or chicks in June. Productivity on the east side of Lake Superior was much better. Project Peregrine has been fortunate to receive the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Species at Risk Stewardship Fund to cover the cost of the June helicopter survey in the past. This year, Project Peregrine received notice that we were successful in receiving funds for the helicopter survey but the announcement was not made until July 17, about four weeks after the survey should have taken place. A portion of this funding was directed to covering volunteer banding expenses. Project Peregrine was able to assist OMNR staff on a limited helicopter flight that looked at approximately 25 territories around Thunder Bay and Nipigon on June 21.

In 2012, there were 48 peregrine falcon territories identified. There were 39 territorial pairs, and 9 single birds on territory. The breeding success of the 39 territorial pairs consisted of 29 breeding pairs, of which 20 pairs were known to have fledged 38 young. The number of chicks assumed to have fledged would be significantly higher, but 9 confirmed nesting sites were not visited a second time to confirm fledging success. Eleven sites that were previous occupied were also surveyed in 2012 but no birds found. There were 48 previous territories that were not surveyed in 2012. Four new territories (Keemle Lake, Mica Bay, Gargantua, and LSPP- Beauvier Point) were confirmed in 2012.

Only five nests sites were accessed for banding, and 10 chicks (6 males and 4 females) were banded. Banding was initiated on June 15, and concluded on July 2. The ten chicks banded was the lowest number banded since the banding program started in 1996 (16 chicks banded). Only one chick was noted as having blow fly (Calliphoridae) maggot infestation in its ears. To date, 511 peregrine falcon chicks have been banded since 1996.

Project Peregrine is indebted to the many volunteers, Pukaskwa National Park and OMNR staff who took time to survey known cliff sites, and new cliff sites for peregrine activity in 2012. Their time and efforts are greatly appreciated. To the banding team climbers: Frank Pianka, Leo Tardif, and Rod Swatton, who make up the banding team, a special thank you for your expertise and 102 hours of donated time. Your continued interest in this project is also greatly appreciated.

Funding received by Project Peregrine to continue the monitoring and banding of peregrine falcons was provided by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Species at Risk Stewardship Fund.

2011 Annual Report

Project Peregrine has been intensively monitoring the breeding population of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) within the Ontario side of the Lake Superior Basin, and northwestern Ontario since 1996.

In 2011, there were 62 peregrine falcon territories identified. There were 54 territorial pairs, and 8 single birds on territory. The breeding success of the 54 territorial pairs consisted of 47 breeding pairs, of which 21 pairs were known to have fledged 52 young. The number of chicks assumed to have fledged would be significantly higher, but 23 confirmed nesting sites were not visited a second time to confirm breeding success. Eleven previous occupied sites were not surveyed in 2011. Two new territories (Agawa Canyon, Mollie Mountain) were confirmed in 2011.

Thirteen nest sites were accessed by the banding team and 31 chicks (21 males, and 10 females) were banded. Banding activities were initiated on June 18 and concluded on July 1. Sixteen of the 31 chicks that were banded had blow fly (Calliphoridae spp.) maggot infestation in their ears. This is the highest percentage of infestation that we have noted to date. A total of 501 peregrine falcon chicks have now been banded at cliff nest sites since 1996.

This year, two Reconyx motion cameras were left at two nest sites, Ouimet Canyon Provincial Park and Oliver Creek Road. The adult males at both of these sites have been identify in past years as being black banded. Photographs taken by the cameras were used to identify both males.

When the banding team is at the nest site to band the chicks, prey remains are collected from the nest ledge. Fourteen species of birds were identified from 32 prey items. New species identified in 2011 were: Brown Thrasher and Pileated Woodpecker.

Project Peregrine is indebted to the many volunteers, Pukaskwa National Park and OMNR staff who took time to survey known cliff sites, and new cliff sites for peregrine activity in 2011. With the ever increasing number of territories to monitor each year, their time and efforts are greatly appreciated. To the climbers: Frank Pianka, Leo Tardif, and Rod Swatton, who make up the banding team, a special thank you for your expertise and 261hours of donated time. Your continued interest in this project is also greatly appreciated.

Funding received by Project Peregrine to continue the monitoring and banding of peregrine falcons was provided by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) Community Fisheries/Wildlife Involvement Program, and OMNR Species at Risk Stewardship Fund.

2010 Annual Report

Project Peregrine has been intensively monitoring the breeding population of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) within the Ontario side of the Lake Superior Basin, and northwestern Ontario since 1996. The 2010 field season corresponded with the Ontario Peregrine Falcon Survey that is conducted every five years. When the Provincial Surveys are undertaken, there are additional monies provided by the Province to undertake a thorough search for peregrine activity.

In 2010, there were 72 peregrine falcon territories identified, the highest number of territories recorded to date (previous high was 48 territories in 2009).There were 60 territorial pairs, and 12single birds on territory. The breeding success of the 60 territorial pairs consisted of 44 breeding pairs, of which 39 pairs were known to have hatched young, and at least 109 young were assumed to have fledged. The number of chicks assumed to have fledged would be higher, but a number of the nesting sites were not visited a second time to confirm breeding success. Fifteen new territories were confirmed in 2010.

Thirteen nest sites were accessed by the banding team and 36 chicks (25 males, and 11 females) were banded. Banding activities were initiated on June 18 and concluded on June 26. Ten of the 36 chicks that were banded had blow fly (Calliphoridae spp.) maggot infestation in their ears. A total of 470 peregrine falcon chicks have now been banded at cliff nest sites since 1996.

When the banding team is at the nest site to band the chicks, prey remains are collected from the nest ledge. Twenty-six species of birds were identified from fifty prey items. New species identified in 2010 were: Bonaparte’s Gull, Common Raven, Yellow Warbler, Canada Goose young, and Gadwall.

Project Peregrine is indebted to the many volunteers, Pukaskwa National Park and OMNR staff who took time to survey known cliff sites, and new cliff sites for peregrine activity in 2010. With the ever increasing number of territories to monitor each year, their time and efforts are greatly appreciated. To the climbers: Frank Pianka, Leo Tardiff, and Rod Swatton, who make up the banding team, a special thank you for your expertise and over 220 hours of donated time. Your continued interest in this project is also greatly appreciated.

Funding received by Project Peregrine to continue the monitoring and banding of peregrine falcons was provided by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) Community Fisheries/Wildlife Involvement Program, OMNR Species at Risk Stewardship Fund, OMNR 2010 Ontario Peregrine Falcon Survey, OMNR Thunder Bay District, and Pukaskwa National Park.

2009 Annual Report

Since 1996, Project Peregrine has been intensively monitoring the breeding population of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) within the Ontario side of the Lake Superior Basin, and northwestern Ontario. In 2009, there were 48 peregrine falcon territories identified, the highest number of territories recorded to date. There were 37 territorial pairs, and 11 single birds on territory. The breeding success of the 37 territorial pairs consisted of 33 breeding pairs, 27 pairs hatched young, and at least 65 young were assumed to have fledged. The number of chicks assumed to have fledged would be higher, but a number of the nesting sites were not visited a second time to confirm breeding success. Also, there were a number of nesting sites from previous years that were not visited in 2009. Three new sites were confirmed in 2009: Macdiarmid, Orient Bay, Lake Nipigon; Quarry Island, Rossport; and at Agawa Rock Pictographs, Lake Superior P.P.

Eleven nest sites were accessed by the banding team and 30 chicks (17 males, and 13 females) were banded. Banding activities were initiated on June 21 and concluded on July 3. Nine of the 30 chicks that were banded had blow fly (Calliphoridae spp.) maggot infestation in their ears. A total of 434 peregrine falcon chicks have now been banded at cliff nest sites since 1996.

When the banding team is at the nest site to band the chicks, prey remains are collected from the nest ledge. Thirty-four prey items were identified from 20 species of bird. New species identified in 2009 were Pine Grosbeak, Veery, and Swainson’s Thrush.

Project Peregrine is indebted to the many volunteers, Pukaskwa National Park and OMNR staff who took time to survey known cliff sites, and new cliff sites for peregrine activity in 2009. With a large number of territories to monitor each year, their time and efforts are greatly appreciated. To the climbers Frank Pianka, Leo Tardiff, Rod Swatton and Paul Tan, who make up the banding team, a special thank you for your expertise and over 200 hours of donated time. Your continued interest in this project is also greatly appreciated.

Funding received by Project Peregrine to continue the monitoring and banding of peregrine falcons was provided by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) Community Fisheries/Wildlife Involvement Program, OMNR Species at Risk Stewardship Fund, OMNR Thunder Bay District, and Pukaskwa National Park.

2008 Annual Report

2008 was the thirteenth year that Project Peregrine has been intensively monitoring peregrine falcons (Falcon peregrinus) within the Ontario side of the Lake Superior Basin, and west to Atikokan. Of the forty-two peregrine falcon territories identified, there were 34 territorial pairs and 8 single birds on territory.

The 34 territorial pairs consisted of 27 breeding pairs, 21 pairs hatched young, and 19 pairs had 40 young that were assumed to have fledged. The number of chicks assumed to have fledged would be higher, but a number of the nesting sites were not visited a second time to confirm breeding success. Also, there were a number of nesting sites from previous years that were not visited in 2008.

There have now been 74 different territories identified that have been utilized by Peregrine Falcons fledging at least 617 young peregrines within the Lake Superior Basin and west to Atikokan since 1990. Eight of the nest sites were climbed to and the banding team banded 21 chicks (10 males and 11 females). There have now been 404 young peregrines banded at cliff sites over the past 13 years. Banding started on June 21, and was completed on July 7, 2008. Nine of the 21 chicks banded had blow fly (Calliphoridae spp.) maggot infestation in their ears. This was the worst year for this infestation.

Twenty different prey species were identified in 2008. Caspian Tern and White-crowned Sparrow were two new species that have been added to the prey species list that now identifies 76 different prey species.

Project Peregrine is indebted to the many volunteers and OMNR staff who took time to survey known cliff sites and new cliff sites for peregrine activity in 2008. With a large number of territories to monitor each year, their time and efforts are greatly appreciated. To the climbers Frank Pianka, Leo Tardiff and Rod Swatton a special thank you for your expertise, and continued interest in this project.

Funding received by Project Peregrine to continue the monitoring and banding of peregrine falcons was provided by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) Community Fisheries/Wildlife Involvement Program and OMNR Lakehead District.

2007 Annual Report

2007 was the twelfth year that Project Peregrine has been intensively monitoring peregrine falcons (Falcon peregrinus) within the Ontario side of the Lake Superior Basin, and west to Atikokan. The forty-four confirmed territories equals the highest number (same as in 2006) ever recorded by Project Peregrine. Of the 44 territories, there were 37 territorial pairs, and 7 single birds on territory.

There were 37 territorial pairs identified and they consisted of 31 breeding pairs, 26 successful pairs, and 56 young were assumed to have fledged. The number of chicks assumed to have fledged would be higher, but a number of the nesting sites were not visited a second time to confirm breeding success. Eleven of the nest sites were climbed to and the banding team banded 29 chicks (19 males and 10 females). There have now been 383 young peregrines banded at cliff sites over the past 12 years. Banding started on June 11, which is the earliest date (6 days earlier than in 2006) that chicks have been ready to band. Banding was completed on July 1.

There were 16 species of birds identified from the prey remains collected from 8 nests. There have now been 74 species of bird and mammals that have been identified, and one new species (Bank Swallow) was confirmed this year.

Project Peregrine is indebted to the many volunteers and OMNR staff who took time to survey known cliff sites and new cliff sites for peregrine activity in 2007. With a large number of territories to monitor each year, their time and efforts are greatly appreciated. A special thank you to Frank Pianka, Rod Swatton and Leo Tardiff for their continued donation of their time and expertise in rock climbing to assist in the banding of young peregrines at cliff nest sites.

Funding to continue the monitoring and banding of peregrine falcons was provided by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Species at Risk Fund, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Community Fisheries/Wildlife Involvement Program, and Parks Canada.

2006 Annual Report

In 2006, Project Peregrine continued its eleventh year of intensive monitoring of peregrine falcon (Falcon peregrinus) within the Lake Superior Basin, and west to Atikokan. Forty-four territories were confirmed, which is the highest number ever recorded by Project Peregrine. Of the 44 territories, there were 38 territorial pairs, and 6 single birds on territory.

The 38 territorial pairs consisted of 28 breeding pairs, 26 successful breeding pairs, and 66 chicks were assumed to have fledged. The number of chicks is lower than the in 2005 (79) is a result of some of the nest sites were not visited a second time to confirm the breeding success. The banding team only banded at the western end of Lake Superior this year, and 35 chicks were banded at 11 nests. The eleven year banding program has now banded 354 chicks, all at cliff nesting sites. A mild spring resulted in the earliest start to the banding program (June 17), and the banding was completed for the first time before July.

There were 16 species of birds identified from the prey remains collected from the 11 nests. There have now been 71 species of bird and mammals that have been identified, and three new species (Eastern Phoebe, Rusty Blackbird, and Meadowlark sp.) were confirmed this year.

Project Peregrine is indebted to the many volunteers and OMNR staff who took time to survey known cliff sites and new cliff sites for peregrine activity in 2006. With a large number of territories to monitor each year, their time and efforts are greatly appreciated.

Since 1977, the peregrine falcon has been included on the Ontario Endangered Species List. A thirty-year recovery effort by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR), and many Ontario Naturalists Clubs, including the Thunder Bay Field Naturalists, have brought this species back from extirpation to where it is now a once again a breeding species in Ontario. Based on the positive growth of this species in Ontario, and in particular within the Lake Superior Basin, on June 29, 2006, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources removed the peregrine falcon from the Endangered Species list, and reclassified it as a Threatened species. This is an amazing accomplishment, and congratulations to all involved over the years.

2005 Annual Report

The 2005 Project Peregrine field season was the most successful since intensive monitoring for Peregrine nest sites started in 1996. This year’s survey was part of the 2005 Ontario Peregrine Falcon Survey where more resources were made available to survey cliff sites in the Lake Superior Basin. There were 43 territories located from Arrow Lake in the West to Sault Ste. Marie in the east, an increase from 41 in 2004. The 43 territories included 39 pairs and 4 single birds holding territories.

There were 34 nesting attempts confirmed, and 30 successful nests fledged at least 79 chicks. These are the highest numbers since 2003 when there were 31 confirmed nests, 27 successful nests and 70 fledged chicks. The banding team has been banding young peregrines since 1996, and the 47 chicks banded this year is the highest number ever banded. The number of chicks now banded since 1996 is 319.

Very mild temperatures in early April resulted in many nests being established earlier. The earliest hatching date for chicks was at Devil’s Warehouse Island on May 12. This was 12 days earlier than any hatching date recorded in 2004.

Prey remains were collected at each nest site when banding took place. Twenty species of birds were identified from the 16 nest sites. Three new species of birds (Boreal Owl, Hudsonian Godwit, and Lesser Scaup were identified for the project and 68 species of prey have now been identified over the 10 years of collecting prey remains.

As in 2004, Project Peregrine assisted Dr. Kim Fernie with the Canadian Wildlife Service who is examining the presence of the fire retardant PBDE’s in Peregrine Falcons. Blood samples were collected from 31 chicks.

The Ontario Provincial Peregrine Falcon Survey was also conducted in 2005 and Project Peregrine contributed significantly to the Survey. Many volunteers contributed their time to survey for peregrines and their dedication and contributions are greatly appreciated.

2004 Annual Report

Project Peregrine has been conducting an extensive monitoring program of Peregrine Falcons on the Ontario side of the Lake Superior basin since 1996. In 2004, there were 41 territories comprised of 30 territorial pairs, and 11 single birds on territory. The total number of territories is the greatest number ever documented during the 9 years of monitoring. There were 38 territories (34 pairs, 4 singles) in 2003 and 33 territories (30 pairs, 3 single) in 2002.

There were 25 nests confirmed, and 50 chicks were assumed to have fledged from 22 of these nests. Both these numbers are lower than the 31 nests and the 70 chicks assumed to have fledged in 2003. It is believed that the cool, wet spring was the reason for fewer successful nests, and fewer chicks fledged. The banding team banded 31 chicks at 12 nest sites, which was significantly less than the 46 banded in 2003. The nine-year banding total of Peregrine chicks now stands at 272.

The hatching dates of young peregrines in 2004 were between May 24 and June 13. This year there were more hatching dates in May than in past years.

Project Peregrine assisted the Canadian Wildlife Service (CWS) in a research project examining the presence of the fire retardant PBDE in Peregrine Falcons. CWS staff collected blood samples from 20 chicks.

Twenty-six bird species were identified as prey remains in 2004, with seven new prey species (Red-headed Woodpecker, Mourning Dove, Blackpoll Warbler, Barn Swallow, Gray Jay, Wilson’s Snipe and Red Crossbill) identified. There have now been 65 prey species (62 bird and 3 mammal) collected and identified during the past nine years.

The success of Project Peregrine is directly attributable to the volunteers who donate their time and expertise. A total of 65 days of volunteer time was donated in 2004.

Every five years there is an international, national and provincial survey of Peregrine Falcons. In Ontario, this survey was initiated in 1970, and has been conducted at every five year interval. Project Peregrine is currently monitoring more than 60 percent of Peregrine territories in Ontarion and will be contributing significantly to the 2005 Ontario Peregrine Falcon Survey.

2003 Annual Report

For eight years (1996-2003), Project Peregrine has been conducting an extensive monitoring program of Peregrine Falcons on the Ontario side of the Lake Superior basin. This monitoring program has confirmed that there has been a significant increase in the number of Peregrine Falcons holding territories since the reintroduction programs of 1989-1996. In 2003, there were 38 territories comprised of 34 territorial pairs, and 4 single birds on territory. There was one additional site where Peregrines were reported but a territory could not be confirmed. There was an increase of 5 territories from the 2002 Field Season when 30 pairs and 3 single birds were located.A total of 31 nests were confirmed, and 70 chicks were assumed to have fledged. These numbers are significantly greater than the 23 nests and 51 chicks identified in 2002. The 70 chicks on the Ontario side of Lake Superior also represent the largest number of chicks fledged by State or Province within the 2003 Midwest Peregrine Restoration Program. The banding team banded 46 young peregrines as 16 nest sites, the largest number of young banded in any one year. The eight-year banding total is now 241. The hatching dates of young peregrines in 2003 were between May 27 and June 16 and these dates are consistent with the 2002 dates of May 26 to June 24.

Twenty-nine bird species were identified as prey remains in 2003, with four new prey species (Red Knot, Bufflehead, Broad-winged Hawk and American Bittern) identified. There have now been 58 prey species (55 bird and 3 mammal) collected and identified during the past eight years.

On August 13, 2003, Maureen Dampier, one of Project Peregrine’s greatest supporters passed away. Maureen and her husband Jack own the charter boat “Morningstar” based in Nipigon. They had been involved with surveying and banding falcons on Lake Superior since 1990. Each year the banding crew looked forward to banding chicks on the Nipigon River not only because of their hospitality, but also for the enthusiasm and interest that Maureen had for Project Peregrine. Maureen’s laughter and love of life will be missed.

2002 Annual Report

Results from Project Peregrine 2002 field season that monitored Peregrine Falcons on the Ontario side of Lake Superior confirmed an increase in the number of peregrines holding territories from 2001. There were 30 territorial pairs, 3 single birds confirmed holding territories and an additional 3 sites where peregrines were reported but territories could not be confirmed. 23 nests were confirmed and 51 chicks were assumed to have fledged. The number of nests and the number of chicks fledged were almost equal to the 2001 results. The banding team banded 38 chicks at 13 nest sites, bringing the 7 year banding total to 195 chicks now banded. Four nests that were confirmed with eggs or young were discovered empty when accessed by a banding team. It is believed that the hot temperatures of late June and early July may have been a factor for nest failure.

The banding team once again collected prey remains when nests were accessed to band the chicks. Six new species of birds (Red-breasted Merganser, Gray Jay, Common Goldeneye, Mourning Dove, Rose-breasted Grosbeak and Tree Sparrow) were added to the list of prey species (now 54) that have been collected over the past seven years. The hatching dates of the young falcons in 2002 were fairly consistent with the hatching dates of 2001. Hatching took place between May 26 and June 24 (2001 dates May 25-June 14). There were 3 nests that had late hatching dates of June 22-24.

2001 Annual Report

2001 proved to be another exciting year for Project Peregrine. Volunteers who checked cliff sites throughout the Ontario side of the Lake Superior Basin located 25 territorial pairs, 1 single bird confirmed holding territory and 5 other single birds were observed in suitable habitat but no territory was confirmed. Twenty-two nests were confirmed to be successful and at least 52 chicks were known to have fledged. This is the highest number of chicks that were known to have fledged in any year of monitoring by Project Peregrine. An equally successful banding program accessed 16 nests, banded 40 chicks and both these numbers are records for the banding program. After 6 years of banding, a total of 157 young peregrines have now been banded.

Peregrine Falcon Eating Habits Studied

Information on what the Peregrine Falcons are eating has also been collected during banding operations. 86 prey remains were collected at 15 nest sites in 2001, with 24 bird species and one mammal species identified. After six years of collecting prey remains, 48 bird species and 3 mammal species have been identified as peregrine food sources.

Funding and Volunteers

The Ministry of Natural Resources contributed $2,846.81 from the Community Fisheries and Wildlife Involvement Program to cover volunteer expenses and $2,882.00 from the Species at Risk Program to supply a helicopter for banding at remote nest sites. The generous donation of helicopter time by TransCanada Pipelines ($3,635.00) and Hydro One Helicopter Services ($2,420.00) enabled Project Peregrine to survey most of the cliffs in the Thunder Bay area for nesting peregrines. Frank Pianka organized climbers from the Alpine Club of Canada, Thunder Bay Chapter to access Peregrine Falcon nests to band young falcons. Everyone involved with Project Peregrine volunteers their time and in 2001, twenty-one people donated more than 600 hours or approximately 76 days. Thanks again to everyone for your contribution of time and funding.

2000 Annual Report

Project Peregrine experienced it’s most successful year ever in 2000. A total of 25 territorial pairs of Peregrine Falcons and 6 single birds holding territories were confirmed. One additional pair and single bird were reported but not confirmed within the Lake Superior Basin. These numbers compare to 12 territorial pair and 6 single birds in 1999. Sixteen nests fledged at least 43 chicks and 27 of these chicks were banded at 10 nest sites. There has now been 117 Peregrine chicks banded at cliff nest sites during the past 5 years.

Identification of adult birds confirmed for the first time that peregrine chicks banded in previous years were now nesting within the Lake Superior Basin. Two birds, one male and one female both banded in 1997 are now nesting at two new nest sites. The hatching dates of chicks were approximately the same as in 1999. Eighteen species of prey were identified from 10 nest sites. Rock Doves and Cedar Waxwings were the two most common species of prey recorded.

The Ministry of Natural Resources Community Fisheries and Wildlife Involvement Program supplied funding for volunteer expenses, and there was a generous donation of helicopter services by TransCanada Pipelines and Hydro One. Once again Frank Pianka and the Alpine Club of Canada offered their climbing expertise to access Peregrine nests to band young falcons.

Project Peregrine was one of the main partners behind the Ontario 2000 Peregrine Falcon Survey. This survey is conducted every five years and it documents population trends and productivity of Peregrine Falcons in Ontario. There were 53 Peregrine territories located during the provincial survey compared to 15 territories located during the 1995 survey. Peregrines are still classified as an endangered species in Ontario, but the future is looking brighter.

1999 Annual Report

In 1999, Project Peregrine continued to monitor Peregrine Falcon breeding success on the Ontario side of the Lake Superior basin. A total of 12 pairs and 6 single Peregrines holding territories were located. Eleven nests fledged at least 30 chicks, and 20 chicks were banded at 6 nesting sites. A total of 90 chicks and one second year Peregrine have been banded in the past four years. Two band recoveries were reported, one from Florida and the other from Cuba.

Identification of adults at nest sites revealed that birds originated from the Lake Superior Basin and Eastern Canada, plus a 12 year old female that was released near Chicago, Illinois. The hatching dates of the chicks were slightly advanced as compared to previous years. Prey remains were collected and identified from 6 nests. Fourteen species of birds were identified with Rock Dove and Ring-billed Gull being the two most common species encountered. Observations of peregrines recorded in this report were from April 3rd to September 20th.

Funding

$2,500.00 was secured from the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Community Fisheries and Wildlife Involvement program.

Donations

  • TransCanada Transmissions donated their helicopter for one day of flying to monitor nests.
  • Frank Pianka, Alpine Club of Canada, was the lead climber with assistance from Brent Cuthbertson, Lakehead University.
  • The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources paid for a helicopter to aid in banding at Pie Island and Sleeping Giant Provincial Park.
  • Fifteen volunteers donated their time to monitor cliff sites and report Peregrines.

1998 Annual Report

The 1998 monitoring program exceeded all expectations as 20 peregrine territories and 14 nests were located on Lake Superior. With assistance from the Sault Naturalists Club and the staff of Lake Superior Provincial Park and Pukaskwa National Park, five territories and 2 nests were located on the eastern side of Lake Superior, while fifteen territories and 12 nests were located from Nipigon to the Minnesota border on the west side of Lake Superior.

A total of thirty-eight young peregrines were observed in the fourteen nests and the banding team was able to band 31 of them at eleven nest sites. This brings our three year total to 70 young peregrines being banded. The banding of these peregrines is only possible due to the assistance and dedication of Robert Dye, Rodney Swatton, and Jodie Allair from Lakehead University School of Outdoor Recreation, Parks and Tourism and Frank Pianka from The Alpine Club of Canada.

Banding young peregrines enables us to identify individual birds and to monitor their dispersal from the nest site. To date, none of the young falcons we have banded have been observed, but as new nest sites are being discovered, an effort is made to identify the adults present. This year (1998) at a new nest site on Sleeping Giant Provincial Park, the female was identified as being released in 1989 from Parc du Bic, Quebec (near Rimouski, on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River). It is very exciting to find a banded bird and then to identify where it was banded.

When the climbers are at the nest site, prey remains and feathers are collected so that we can determine what the peregrines are feeding on. During the past three years, 28 species of birds and bats have been identified and the four most common species are Rock Dove, Ring-billed Gull, Evening Grosbeak and Cedar Waxwing. The largest prey species recorded has been the Herring Gull and the smallest was a Red Bat.

A project of this size and scope can only be accomplished with the efforts of many partners. 1998 partners include: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Environment Canada EcoAction 2000, TransCanada Pipelines, and the Fort William First Nation. A special thank you also goes out to the many volunteers who participated in the “Adopt A Cliff” program and gave freely of their time to monitor peregrine activity.

1996 Annual Report

In the fall of 1996, the Canadian Wildlife Service Peregrine Falcon breeding facility at Fort Wainwright, Alberta, was officially closed. With this closure, Project Peregrine would no longer be receiving young falcons for release at the Sleeping Giant Provincial Park hack site. Project Peregrine efforts in 1997 would concentrate on surveying for breeding peregrines and banding young falcons at cliff nesting sites.Project Peregrine was able to locate 13 peregrine territories in 1997. Eleven of these territories were on the west side of Lake Superior from Nipigon to the Minnesota border, and 2 additional territories were located on the east side of Lake Superior. Eight pairs of falcons were successful in raising their broods, and a total of 25 young were observed.

Locating these additional peregrine territories was made possible by the new ‘Adopt a Cliff’ program offered by Project Peregrine. A total of 15 individuals participated in this program where potential cliff nesting sites were monitored for peregrine activity. The “Adopt a Cliff’ program will be expanded in 1998, as more volunteers have expressed an interest in participating.

Seven nest sites were accessed, and 23 young were banded. Of special note, there are now as many young falcons being fledged at natural nests each year on Lake Superior as were being released through hacking programs in Thunder Bay and Sault Ste. Marie.

In 1996, twelve young peregrines were successfully fledged from two hack boxes located at Sleeping Giant Provincial Park. Six Peregrine Falcon territories were located in Thunder Bay District: Pie Island (2), Sleeping Giant Provincial Park, Nipigon River, Mount McKay and Mount McRae. 4 nests were successful, the nest sites were accessed and 16 young were banded. This banding represented the first time that young peregrines had been banded at cliff sites in Ontario in more than 30 years.